In the CMMi process, each key process area is described in terms of the key practices that contribute to satisfying its goals. The key practices describe the infrastructure and activities that contribute most to the effective implementation and institutionalization of the key process area.

Each key practice consists of a single sentence, often followed by a more detailed description, which may include examples and elaboration. These

key practices, also referred to as the top-level key practices, state the fundamental policies, procedures, and activities for the key process area.

The components of the detailed description are frequently referred to as sub-practices.

The key practices describe "what" is to be done, but they should not be interpreted as mandating "how" the goals should be achieved. Alternative practices may accomplish the goals of the key process area. The key practices should be interpreted rationally to judge whether the goals of the key

process area are effectively, although perhaps differently, achieved.